Korea Cities with Hotels

    Korea (Korean Choson or Tai Han), peninsula, Asia, divided since 1948 into two political entities: the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (North Korea) and the Republic of Korea (South Korea). The following article deals with the history of Korea until its division. For physical description, climate, people, economy, and government, and subsequent history, see Korea, North; Korea, South.
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    Select a city or territory from the list below.

All Countries > Korea

• Busan
• Cheju-Do
• Dajeon
• Incheon
• Jeju
• Pusan
• Seoul
• Ulsan Mtropolitan

    The earliest known Korean state was Old Choson, in what is now northwestern Korea and southern Manchuria; it was conquered by China in 108 BC. The Chinese colonies founded at that time served as outposts of Chinese civilization until AD 313 and coexisted with the native Korean kingdom of Koguryó, founded in the same area in the 1st century BC. Farther south, the kingdoms of Paekche and Silla emerged in the 3rd or 4th century AD, when Chinese influence had weakened. On the southern coast was a fourth state called Kaya. Known to the Japanese as Mimana, it had close relations with both the other Korean states and Japan, which dominated it although it was a Korean entity.
    Koguryó was initially the most powerful state, controlling most of the peninsula and Manchuria by the 5th century. In the mid-6th century, Silla conquered Kaya and seized the area around Seoul in the Han River valley, while Koguryó and Paekche suffered steady territorial losses. All three states had vigorous and distinctive cultures. Koguryó excelled militarily, but Silla built more durable social and political institutions. Paekche had extensive relations with both China and Japan and developed a high standard of civilization, but was weak politically and militarily. By 668, Silla, in alliance with the Chinese Tang dynasty, had defeated Koguryó and Paekche and established the first unified Korean state.
    Buddhism, which had appeared in the peninsula during the 4th century and had grown to a powerful force by the 6th, inspired much of Silla's intellectual and artistic life; Chinese culture, written language, and political institutions were also extremely influential. Silla's native culture, however, was the principal vehicle of Korean development in this period. By the 10th century a distinctively Korean type of state was firmly rooted, and despite many later changes and vicissitudes, this Korean polity has endured until modern times.

"Korea," Microsoft® Encarta® 97 Encyclopedia.
© 1993-1996 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.

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Last Revised: December 03, 2008 01:01 PM.

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